How to prepare
No fasting is required. No specific preparation is needed. Take medications as normal.
After the test
Chloride results are interpreted as part of the full electrolyte picture. Share your results alongside sodium, potassium, and bicarbonate with your GP. In most healthy people having a routine panel, isolated chloride abnormalities are uncommon — the pattern across all electrolytes is what guides clinical decision-making.
Your test results will be available in your private dashboard. If there are any urgent issues, we'll let you know so you can follow up with your health professional.
Understanding results
Chloride is measured in millimoles per litre (mmol/L). The normal adult range is typically 98–107 mmol/L.
- Hyperchloraemia (above 107 mmol/L): High chloride. Associated with dehydration, kidney disease, diarrhoea (which loses bicarbonate more than chloride, relatively raising chloride), hyperchloraemic metabolic acidosis (such as from normal saline infusion or renal tubular acidosis), and hyperaldosteronism.
- Hypochloraemia (below 98 mmol/L): Low chloride. Most commonly caused by vomiting (loss of gastric hydrochloric acid), diuretic use, or metabolic alkalosis. Can also accompany hyponatraemia.
- Anion gap calculation: Sodium minus (chloride plus bicarbonate), used to categorise metabolic acidosis. A high anion gap suggests accumulation of unmeasured acids (lactic acid, ketones). A normal anion gap with low bicarbonate and high chloride suggests a different set of causes.