Fever of unknown origin
Overview
Fever of unknown origin is a prolonged fever lasting more than three weeks with temperatures above 101°F (38.3°C) that remains undiagnosed despite thorough medical evaluation. This condition occurs when doctors cannot identify the underlying cause of persistent elevated body temperature through standard diagnostic tests and examinations.
Common Causes
Fever of unknown origin can result from your body's natural immune response fighting off infections that may not yet be detectable through standard tests. Stress, changes in sleep patterns, certain medications, and recent travel can also trigger unexplained fevers as your body adjusts to new conditions. Sometimes autoimmune processes, where your immune system becomes overactive, or underlying inflammatory conditions that develop gradually can cause persistent fever without obvious symptoms.
Severity Levels
Mild: You may experience occasional low-grade fevers that come and go over several weeks, with temperatures just above 101°F. Energy levels might be slightly reduced, but you can generally continue most daily activities with some discomfort.
Moderate: Fevers become more consistent and noticeable, reaching higher temperatures that interfere with work, sleep, and regular routines. You may feel significantly fatigued and require more rest throughout the day.
Severe: High fevers persist daily with temperatures often exceeding 102-103°F, causing severe exhaustion and inability to perform normal activities. You may experience additional concerning symptoms like significant weight loss, night sweats, or confusion that require immediate medical attention.
Medical Attention
Seek immediate medical attention if you experience a fever lasting more than three weeks, especially if it's accompanied by unexplained weight loss, night sweats, or severe fatigue. Contact your healthcare provider promptly if standard fever treatments aren't working or if you develop additional concerning symptoms like persistent pain, difficulty breathing, or changes in mental status. Don't delay getting medical care if you have underlying health conditions or a weakened immune system, as prolonged fever may indicate a serious underlying condition requiring specialized evaluation and treatment.
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