Insulin resistance
Overview
Insulin resistance is a condition where the body's cells become less responsive to insulin, making it difficult for glucose to enter cells and be used for energy. This leads to elevated blood sugar levels as the pancreas produces more insulin to compensate for the reduced cellular response.
Common Causes
Insulin resistance commonly develops from carrying excess weight, particularly around the midsection, as fat tissue interferes with insulin's ability to work effectively. A sedentary lifestyle and lack of regular physical activity reduce your body's sensitivity to insulin over time. Eating a diet high in processed foods, refined sugars, and simple carbohydrates can overwork your insulin system and lead to resistance. Chronic stress elevates cortisol levels, which can interfere with insulin function. Poor sleep quality or insufficient sleep disrupts hormones that regulate blood sugar control. Age-related changes in metabolism and muscle mass can also naturally decrease insulin sensitivity as you get older.
Severity Levels
Mild: You may notice increased hunger, especially for sugary foods, mild fatigue after meals, or difficulty losing weight despite healthy eating habits. These symptoms are often subtle and may be attributed to stress or busy lifestyle.
Moderate: Energy crashes become more frequent, particularly in the afternoon, and you may experience stronger sugar cravings. Weight gain around the midsection becomes more noticeable, and you might feel tired even after adequate sleep.
Severe: Persistent fatigue significantly impacts daily activities, and you may develop dark patches of skin around the neck or underarms. Frequent urination, excessive thirst, and blurred vision may occur as blood sugar levels remain consistently elevated.
Medical Attention
Consult your healthcare provider if you experience persistent fatigue, frequent urination, excessive thirst, or unexplained weight changes. Seek medical attention if you have a family history of diabetes or metabolic disorders, especially if combined with other risk factors. Schedule regular check-ups if you're overweight, have high blood pressure, or lead a sedentary lifestyle, as early detection and management can prevent progression to type 2 diabetes.
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