Asthma attacks or episodes
Overview
Asthma attacks are sudden episodes of breathing difficulty characterized by wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath caused by narrowed airways. These respiratory episodes occur when asthma triggers cause the airways to become inflamed, swollen, and filled with mucus, making it hard to breathe normally.
Common Causes
Asthma attacks can be triggered by various factors including allergens like pollen, dust mites, or pet dander that cause inflammation in the airways. Environmental irritants such as smoke, strong odors, or air pollution can also provoke episodes. Physical activity, especially in cold air, may trigger symptoms in some people, while respiratory infections like colds or flu commonly worsen asthma. Stress and strong emotions can contribute to attacks, and certain medications or foods may also act as triggers in sensitive individuals.
Severity Levels
Mild: You can still talk in full sentences and perform daily activities with some difficulty. Symptoms are noticeable but manageable with your rescue inhaler.
Moderate: Speaking becomes more difficult and you may only manage short phrases. Daily activities are significantly limited and you feel increasingly uncomfortable despite using your rescue medication.
Severe: You can only speak single words or are unable to speak at all. You cannot perform normal activities and may feel panicked or exhausted. This requires immediate emergency medical attention.
Medical Attention
Seek immediate emergency care if breathing becomes severely difficult, lips or face turn blue, or you cannot speak in full sentences. Contact your doctor promptly if symptoms worsen despite using rescue medications, if you're using your quick-relief inhaler more than twice a week, or if episodes are interfering with sleep or daily activities. Don't wait to get help if you feel your condition is getting out of control.
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