Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Subfraction 5

sdLDL-5 is a subclass of LDL cholesterol particles that are small and dense, making them more likely to contribute to plaque buildup in arteries and increase heart disease risk.

📋 About This Biomarker

Small Dense LDL 5 (sdLDL-5) is a specific subclass of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. LDL is often referred to as "bad cholesterol" because high levels can lead to plaque buildup in arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease. Among LDL particles, the small, dense ones, like sdLDL-5, are particularly atherogenic, meaning they have a higher tendency to promote the formation of plaques in the arterial walls. This is due to their ability to penetrate the arterial lining more easily and their susceptibility to oxidation, which can trigger inflammatory processes. Monitoring sdLDL-5 levels provides a more detailed understanding of cardiovascular risk beyond standard LDL measurements.

🎯 Why We Test This

Testing sdLDL-5 provides a more detailed assessment of cardiovascular risk than standard LDL measurements. It helps identify individuals who may be at higher risk despite having normal LDL levels, allowing for early intervention and personalised treatment strategies.

⚠️ What Affects It

Several factors can influence sdLDL-5 levels: Diet: High intake of saturated fats and simple carbohydrates can increase sdLDL-5 levels.Physical Activity: Regular exercise can help reduce sdLDL-5 concentrations.Body Weight: Obesity is associated with higher levels of small dense LDL particles.Genetics: Some individuals may be genetically predisposed to produce more sdLDL-5.Medical Conditions: Conditions like metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and insulin resistance can elevate sdLDL-5 levels.

📈 How to Improve

High or Near High: Adopt a heart-healthy diet low in saturated fats and refined carbohydrates, increase physical activity, maintain a healthy weight, and consider medical therapies as advised by a healthcare provider.Low or Near Low: Continue maintaining a healthy lifestyle to keep sdLDL-5 levels low, which is beneficial for cardiovascular health.

📊 Understanding Your Results (mmol/L)

Low
Very low levels of sdLDL-5 are typically favourable and suggest a reduced risk of atherosclerosis. However, it's important to consider the overall lipid profile and consult with a healthcare provider to ensure comprehensive cardiovascular health.
Optimal
sdLDL-5 levels within the normal range indicate a lower risk of cardiovascular disease related to this specific lipoprotein subclass. It suggests that the balance between different LDL particles is favourable, reducing the likelihood of plaque formation in arteries.
High (> 1.3 mmol/L)
Elevated sdLDL-5 levels indicate a higher risk for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. This suggests that there is a greater number of small, dense LDL particles that can penetrate arterial walls, leading to plaque formation and potential blockages. It's a sign to assess and modify lifestyle factors and consider medical interventions to reduce cardiovascular risk.
Also known as: Small Dense LDL 5, sdLDL-5