Fasting Insulin

Fasting Insulin measures insulin levels after fasting, indicating insulin sensitivity and pancreatic function.

📋 About This Biomarker

Fasting Insulin measures the amount of insulin in the blood after an overnight fast. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that regulates blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells for energy production and storage as glycogen. Insulin levels are a key indicator of how well the body is managing blood sugar. Elevated fasting insulin levels (hyperinsulinemia) can indicate insulin resistance, a condition where the body's cells become less responsive to insulin, often associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Low fasting insulin levels may indicate insufficient insulin production, as seen in type 1 diabetes or advanced type 2 diabetes. Monitoring fasting insulin levels helps diagnose and manage these conditions, providing insights into insulin sensitivity and pancreatic function.

🎯 Why We Test This

Measuring fasting insulin levels is essential for diagnosing and managing conditions related to insulin resistance and pancreatic function, such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and type 1 diabetes. It provides valuable insights into how well the body is managing blood glucose and helps identify early signs of insulin resistance. Regular monitoring of fasting insulin levels is particularly important for individuals with risk factors for diabetes, such as obesity, family history, or PCOS. Maintaining fasting insulin levels within the normal range is crucial for preventing complications and ensuring overall metabolic health.

⚠️ What Affects It

Factors influencing fasting insulin levels include dietary habits, physical activity, body weight, insulin resistance, pancreatic function, and medications (such as insulin or other diabetes medications). Conditions like obesity, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can also impact fasting insulin levels.

📈 How to Improve

For high fasting insulin levels, implementing lifestyle changes such as a balanced diet, regular exercise, weight loss, and possibly medications to improve insulin sensitivity is crucial. For levels close to being high, similar lifestyle modifications can help prevent progression to insulin resistance. For low fasting insulin levels, managing blood glucose levels through insulin therapy, diet, and exercise is essential. For levels close to being low, ensuring proper glycemic control and consulting with a healthcare provider for appropriate interventions are important. Regular monitoring and consultation with a healthcare provider ensure that fasting insulin levels remain within the optimal range, reflecting good metabolic health and insulin sensitivity.

📊 Understanding Your Results (mIU/L)

Low (< 1.9 mIU/L)
Low fasting insulin levels indicate insufficient insulin production, often seen in type 1 diabetes or advanced type 2 diabetes. Symptoms may include high blood glucose levels, frequent urination, excessive thirst, and weight loss. Treating the underlying cause through insulin therapy, lifestyle changes, and managing blood glucose levels is crucial for preventing complications and maintaining overall health.
Optimal (1.9 - 23 mIU/L)
Normal fasting insulin levels indicate effective insulin production and sensitivity, reflecting good pancreatic function and overall metabolic health. This balance suggests that the body is efficiently managing blood glucose levels and maintaining energy homeostasis. Fasting insulin levels near the upper limit may suggest early signs of insulin resistance or metabolic syndrome. Monitoring these levels and implementing lifestyle modifications, such as a balanced diet and regular physical activity, can help improve insulin sensitivity and prevent progression to more severe conditions like type 2 diabetes. Fasting insulin levels near the lower end may indicate reduced insulin production, which can be seen in conditions like type 1 diabetes or advanced type 2 diabetes. Monitoring these levels and ensuring adequate glycemic control through appropriate diet, exercise, and possibly insulin therapy is essential for maintaining metabolic health.
High (> 23 mIU/L)
Elevated fasting insulin levels indicate hyperinsulinemia, often a sign of insulin resistance. This can be due to conditions like obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Symptoms of insulin resistance include fatigue, increased hunger, and difficulty losing weight. Identifying and addressing the underlying cause through lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, and possibly medications, is crucial for managing high insulin levels and improving insulin sensitivity.
Also known as: Fasting Insulin, Serum Insulin