D-dimer

D-dimer measures the amount of clot breakdown products in your blood, helping detect if there's abnormal clotting activity in your body.

📋 About This Biomarker

D-dimer is a small protein fragment that's found in your blood when a blood clot dissolves. Imagine it like breadcrumbs left behind after a clean-up - the D-dimer pieces show that a clot was there and has been broken down. Your body forms clots to stop bleeding when you're injured, and then dissolves them when they're no longer needed. By measuring D-dimer levels, doctors can see if there's more clotting activity happening than usual. High levels might indicate that your body is forming and breaking down clots excessively, which could be a sign of serious conditions like deep vein thrombosis (a clot in a deep vein) or pulmonary embolism (a clot in the lungs). This test helps doctors decide if further investigations are needed to find and treat any underlying issues with blood clots.

🎯 Why We Test This

Testing D-dimer levels is important if there are signs of blood clots, like swelling or pain in your legs, chest pain, or trouble breathing. It helps doctors determine whether conditions like deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism might be present. Early detection is crucial for treatment and preventing complications. It's also useful in monitoring conditions that affect clotting, ensuring any abnormal activity is caught and managed promptly.

⚠️ What Affects It

Several factors can influence D-dimer levels. Recent surgeries or injuries can raise levels because your body is naturally forming and breaking down clots as part of healing. Infections or inflammatory conditions can also increase D-dimer levels. Pregnancy often leads to higher D-dimer levels due to changes in the body. Certain medical conditions, such as liver disease or cancer, can affect D-dimer levels as well. Even getting older can lead to slightly higher levels, so age is a factor to consider when interpreting results.

📈 How to Improve

If D-dimer levels are high or nearing high, it's essential to address the underlying cause rather than trying to lower the D-dimer itself. Treatment might involve medications to prevent clots, like blood thinners, and lifestyle changes to reduce clotting risks, such as staying active and hydrated. Managing other health conditions that contribute to clotting is also important. If the levels are low or near the lower limit, usually no action is needed, as this is normal. Always consult with a healthcare provider to determine the right steps based on your specific situation.

📊 Understanding Your Results (ng/mL)

Low
Having D-dimer levels lower than normal means there's very little clot breakdown occurring in your body, which is generally normal. Unless accompanied by other unusual test results or symptoms, low D-dimer levels aren't usually worrisome.
Optimal
If your D-dimer levels are within the normal range, that's generally good news. It suggests that there's no significant abnormal clotting happening in your body. This can help rule out serious conditions like deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, especially if you're experiencing symptoms but the D-dimer test is normal. It means your body's clotting and healing processes are working as they should. When D-dimer levels are approaching the upper limit of normal, it might be an early sign that your body is forming and breaking down clots more than usual. This could be due to minor inflammation, a recent injury, or other less serious conditions. It's important to discuss these results with your doctor, who might recommend keeping an eye on the levels or doing more tests to make sure there's no developing clotting problem. D-dimer levels near the lower end of normal usually aren't a cause for concern. It indicates that there's minimal clot formation and breakdown happening, which is normal. Unless you're showing symptoms that need further investigation, these levels typically don't suggest any problem.
High (> 500 ng/mL)
If your D-dimer levels are higher than normal, it may mean there's increased clot formation and breakdown in your body. This could be a sign of serious conditions like deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism, where dangerous clots form in your veins or lungs. Other conditions and situations that can cause higher-than-normal levels of D-dimer include: Pregnancy, Heart disease, Recent surgery, Trauma, and Infection. High D-dimer levels don't tell us exactly where the clot is, but they signal that further tests are needed to find out what's going on. It’s possible to have high D-dimer levels without having a blood clotting condition. D-dimer levels also tend to rise in elderly people, and false-positive results may occur if you have rheumatoid arthritis. If you’ve been diagnosed with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and are undergoing treatment, a high level of D-dimer in your blood most likely means that your treatment isn’t working well. Prompt medical attention is important to diagnose and treat any potential clotting issues. Please speak with your GP regarding these results.