Copper

Copper is an essential trace mineral that plays a vital role in various bodily functions, including the formation of red blood cells, maintenance of nerve cells, and immune system support.

📋 About This Biomarker

Copper is an essential trace mineral found in various foods and is vital for several physiological functions. It plays a crucial role in the formation of red blood cells, the absorption of iron, and the functioning of the nervous and immune systems. Copper is also involved in the synthesis of collagen and elastin, which are important for the structure of connective tissues. Copper levels in the blood can indicate how well the body is absorbing and using this mineral. Abnormal copper levels can be associated with several health conditions: high copper levels may indicate disorders such as Wilson’s disease or liver dysfunction, while low copper levels might be linked to conditions such as Menkes disease, malabsorption issues, or certain types of anaemia. Monitoring copper levels helps assess these conditions and ensure proper mineral balance in the body.

🎯 Why We Test This

Analysing copper levels in the body is crucial for detecting both deficiencies and toxicities. Low copper levels can lead to issues such as anaemia, bone abnormalities, and weakened immune function, while excessive copper can result in toxicity, affecting the liver and neurological system. Monitoring copper levels is particularly important in individuals with conditions like Wilson’s disease or Menkes disease, where copper metabolism is impaired. Regular testing can help prevent complications by ensuring that copper levels remain within a healthy range.

⚠️ What Affects It

Factors influencing copper levels include dietary intake, liver function, gastrointestinal health, and genetic disorders affecting copper metabolism. Conditions such as Wilson’s disease, liver cirrhosis, and malabsorption syndromes can impact copper levels. Medications and supplements can also affect copper absorption and utilisation.

📈 How to Improve

To improve copper levels, it’s important to maintain a balanced diet rich in copper-containing foods such as nuts, seeds, shellfish, and whole grains. In cases of deficiency, supplementation under medical supervision may be necessary. Conversely, if copper levels are too high, reducing intake of copper-rich foods and possibly chelation therapy might be recommended, especially in cases of Wilson’s disease. Regular monitoring and working with a healthcare provider are key to managing copper levels effectively and maintaining overall health.

📊 Understanding Your Results (umol/L)

Low
Low copper levels indicate a deficiency, which can lead to a range of health problems such as anaemia, bone abnormalities, and neurological issues. Causes may include malabsorption, dietary insufficiency, or genetic disorders like Menkes disease. Treatment typically involves dietary adjustments, supplements, and addressing any underlying conditions contributing to the deficiency.
Optimal
Normal copper levels indicate a balanced intake and metabolism of copper, reflecting good nutritional status and healthy liver function. This balance suggests that copper is being effectively utilised for its physiological roles, including red blood cell formation and connective tissue synthesis.
High
Elevated copper levels may suggest conditions such as Wilson’s disease, where excess copper accumulates in tissues, or liver dysfunction, which impairs copper metabolism. High copper levels can lead to symptoms like abdominal pain, nausea, neurological symptoms, and liver damage. Identifying the underlying cause through further diagnostic testing and addressing it with appropriate treatments with a practitioner, such as chelation therapy or dietary modifications, is essential for managing high copper levels.
Also known as: Cu, Serum Copper, Blood Copper