Cardiovascular Disease - Bloody Good
Liver Health

Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

The Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) Test, also called the ALT or SGPT test, measures an enzyme made in the liver. High ALT levels may suggest liver irritation or damage from conditions such as fatty liver, hepatitis, alcohol use, or certain medicines.

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Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

Concerned about how lifestyle factors might be affecting your liver, experiencing unexplained fatigue, or want to assess your liver's day-to-day function and health?

Overview

Think of ALT as your liver's internal alarm system. This enzyme normally stays quietly inside your liver cells, working hard to help process proteins and keep your metabolism running smoothly. But when liver cells get damaged – whether from infection, medication, alcohol, or disease – ALT spills into your bloodstream like a smoke detector going off. The more damage, the louder the alarm, which is why an ALT test is one of the most reliable ways to catch liver problems early.

This simple blood test is especially valuable if you're taking medications that might affect your liver, have risk factors like diabetes or obesity, drink alcohol regularly, or are experiencing unexplained fatigue or abdominal discomfort. Since your liver silently handles hundreds of vital functions from filtering toxins to producing essential proteins, elevated ALT levels can reveal issues before you feel seriously unwell, giving you and your healthcare provider the chance to address problems while they're still manageable.

Reviewed by Dr. Vu Tran
Bloody Good’s Chief Medical Officer

Symptoms

You may benefit from this test if you experience:
Upper abdominal pain or discomfort Nausea in the morning Feeling tired all the time Annual physical exam High alcohol consumption

Purpose

Essential for individuals with liver symptoms, risk factors for liver disease, medication monitoring, or anyone needing comprehensive liver health assessment.

How to prepare

No special preparation required. Inform healthcare provider of all medications, recent alcohol intake, supplements, and any factors that might affect liver function and ALT levels.

Understanding results

Results show ALT levels compared to normal ranges. Elevated levels may indicate liver damage or disease, requiring further evaluation to determine the cause and appropriate treatment.

After the test

Address abnormal ALT through comprehensive liver evaluation, appropriate treatments for liver conditions, lifestyle modifications including alcohol reduction, and regular monitoring. Work with hepatologists as needed.

Frequently Asked Questions

  • ALT is a liver-specific enzyme involved in amino acid metabolism; elevated levels are a highly sensitive and specific indicator of liver cell damage or injury.
  • High ALT typically indicates liver damage or disease, such as hepatitis, fatty liver, medication-induced injury, or other conditions affecting liver cells.
  • ALT is highly liver-specific, making it one of the best tests for detecting liver damage, unlike AST which can also be elevated due to muscle or heart problems.
  • Causes include viral hepatitis, fatty liver disease, alcohol-related liver damage, medication-induced liver injury, autoimmune liver disease, and various other liver conditions.
  • Yes, many medications can cause liver damage and elevate ALT levels, including acetaminophen, certain antibiotics, statins, and many other drugs.
  • Maintain liver health through moderate alcohol consumption, healthy weight, regular exercise, avoiding hepatotoxic substances, and managing conditions like diabetes that affect liver health.
Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT)

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